手把手教你接口自动化测试 – SoapUI & Groovy-白红宇

原文:

手把手教你接口自动化测试 – SoapUI & Groovy

关键词：SoapUI接口测试，接口自动化测试，数据驱动测试，SoapUI进阶使用， Groovy in SoapUI, SoapUI中Groovy的使用，数据分离。

阅读这篇文章需要一定的SoapUI基础，至少入过门，另外还需要一些Groovy的知识，当然如果你会java 也可以，这里用到的Groovy知识和Java很类似。

另外，本文的思路和我上一篇文章很相似，只不过把Java+TestNG的组合换成了SoapUI+Groovy, 另外测试对象也换成了基于Soap的web service，依旧用Excel来管理数据，做到数据分离。

由于我用到的SoapUI是免费版本，相比Pro版，少很多的功能，像DataLoop之类的，所以只能通过Groovy写一些脚本来做数据驱动的测试。

首先打开SoapUI, 新建一个Workspace 名为Demo

然后点击File->New soapUI Project

然后输入你的Project Name， WSDL 地址点击OK

输入服务的用户名密码点击OK

项目工程建好了

右击ServicePort 建立TestSuite

以其中一个接口为例来生成用例

输入TestSuite name 然后确认

工程结构如下

通过右击TestCase -> Add Step 增加 Groovy Script 和 Properties

增加四个Groovy Script, 并且命名成 Start, Process, Check Response, End

增加5个 Properties, 并且命名成Input, Baseline, Output, Result, fieldResult

调整它们的顺序，最后形成下图的工程目录结构

Start脚本主要创建log文件

/*Check the log file, create folder and file if necessary*/import java.io.*;def cal = Calendar.instance;def sysdate = cal.getTime();def Y = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR); def M = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1; def D = cal.get(Calendar.DATE);if (D<10) D = "0"+D; if (M<10) M = "0"+M; date = Y+"-"+M+"-"+D;time=sysdate.toString().replaceAll(':','-')def testSuites=testRunner.testCase.getTestSuite();def testcase = testRunner.testCase;def logFolder = new File(context.expand('${#Project#LogFolder}'));def responseLogName = (context.expand('${#Project#LogFolder}')+date+'\\'+testSuites.name+' - '+ testcase.name +' - ' + time+".log");def responseDetailLogName = (context.expand('${#Project#LogFolder}')+date+'\\'+testSuites.name+' - ' + testcase.name +' - ' + time + " Response Detail.log");def responseLogFile = new File(responseLogName);def responseDetailLogFile = new File(responseDetailLogName);def subFolder= new File (context.expand('${#Project#LogFolder}')+date+'\\')/*Set date and Log Name to Project - Testcase Properties*/testcase.setPropertyValue('date', date);testcase.setPropertyValue('LogFile - Check Response', responseLogName);testcase.setPropertyValue('LogFile - Response Detail', responseDetailLogName);if(!logFolder.exists()){    logFolder.mkdirs();    }if(!subFolder.exists()){    subFolder.mkdirs();    }/*Check the file, create a new one if not found*/if(!responseLogFile.exists()){    responseLogFile.createNewFile();    }responseLogFile.append("---------------Test Start on "+sysdate+" ------------------------"+'\n');if(!responseDetailLogFile.exists()){    responseDetailLogFile.createNewFile();    }responseDetailLogFile.append("---------------Test Start on "+sysdate+" ------------------------"+'\n');

View Script - Start

Process脚本是整个工程的核心，读取Excel数据文件的Input, Baseline 放入二维数组，然后循环读入Input和Baseline这两个Properties, 调用request, 取到Ouput和Result Properties的值放入Output, Result数组，最后更新Excel的Output, Result, Comparison sheet。

import java.io.*;import jxl.*;import java.text.DecimalFormat;def readInput(workbook,inputSheetName){        Sheet sheet=workbook.getSheet(inputSheetName);                rows = sheet.getRows();    columns = sheet.getColumns();    /*Get content into array*/    input = new Object [columns][rows]    for (a=0;a
      
       =startTag)&&(rows>endTag)){    start_Test=startTag;    end_Test=endTag;    }}        result = new Object [2][rows+3]    result[0][0]='Case Description';    result[1][0]='Result'    result[0][rows+1]='Start Time:';    result[1][rows+1]=sysdate.toString();    /*--New object and put the output name and value into this list--*/    output = new Object [baselineSize][rows]    outputTag = new Object [baselineSize][rows]    for (i=0;i

View Script - Process

Check Response 顾名思义，用来检查返回结果，通过XmlHolder getNodeValue 来取response各节点的值，并且填入Output Properties已作对比之用。

import java.lang.*;import java.util.*;import groovy.lang.*;import groovy.util.*;import com.eviware.soapui.support.XmlHolderbaselineSheet = "Baseline";outputSheet = "Output";resultSheet = "Result";def testcase = testRunner.testCase;Baseline = testcase.getTestStepByName(baselineSheet)baselineSize = Baseline.getPropertyCount();Output = testcase.getTestStepByName(outputSheet);def requests = testcase.getTestStepsOfType( com.eviware.soapui.impl.wsdl.teststeps.WsdlTestRequestStep.class )def request = requests[0];def response = request.testRequest.response;respXmlHolder = new XmlHolder(response.contentAsXml)//declare namespace in xml responserespXmlHolder.declareNamespace("ns1", "http://schemas.xxx.com/v201203/yourservice")def statusCode = request.testRequest.response.responseHeaders["#status#"].toString();def setProperties(Name,Value,Place){                     name = Name;       target = testRunner.testCase.getTestStepByName(Place);       target.setPropertyValue(name,Value);}def getspecifiedValue(field){      prefix = "//ns1:";       nodePath = "${prefix}${field}"       specifiedValue = respXmlHolder.getNodeValue("${nodePath}")}testRunner.testCase.getTestStepByName(outputSheet).clearPropertyValues();//normal output, status = '200 OK'if(statusCode.contains('200 OK')){       for (i=1;i

View Script - Check Response

End脚本在log上打时间戳

def cal = Calendar.instance;def sysdate = cal.getTime();responseLogFile = new File(context.expand('${#TestCase#LogFile - Check Response}'));responseDetailLogFile= new File(context.expand('${#TestCase#LogFile - Response Detail}'));responseLogFile.append('\n'+ "---------------Test End on " + sysdate.toString() + " ------------------------"+'\n');responseDetailLogFile.append('\n'+ "---------------Test End on " + sysdate.toString() + " ------------------------"+'\n');

View Script - End

配置

双击DemoProject，点击下方的Properties tab

然后 Add property